Impact of wind and photovoltaic generation input in Panama
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ISSN: 1680-8894
E-ISSN: 2219-6714
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Jun 6, 2017
Published: Jun 6, 2017
Published: Jun 6, 2017
Abstract
The operation of wind and photovoltaic farms in Panama´s national power grid began in 2014. This paper shows the effect that these renewable energy inputs have been in Panama’s generation power system, using a production cost minimization algorithm. To represent this generation power system, we used historical data of actual power plants and simulations of future wind and photovoltaic generation projects. Planning is done through mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). The implementation of this model is illustrated through case studies for a representative day of each month of the year. First a base case study is described for a hydro-thermal generation power system as it existed in 2013. Next was added wind and photovoltaic generation. The objective was to observe the behavior of the generation power system after this integration. Two scenarios were investigated. In the first case study wind and photovoltaic generation was integrated into a hydro-thermal generation power system. In the second case study a gas power plant (expected to begin operations in 2018) is integrated into a wind and photovoltaic generation power system. The results in daily dispatch are used as a tool for annual planning, considering the reserve requirements from the study and the cost of energy (COE)
Keywords
Cost of energy, photovoltaic energy, renewable penetration, wind energyDownloads
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Aguilar Madrid, E., & Valdés Bosquez, L. (2017). Impact of wind and photovoltaic generation input in Panama. I+D Tecnológico, 13(1), 71-82. Retrieved from https://revistas.utp.ac.pa/index.php/id-tecnologico/article/view/1440
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(2) B. Wright, “A Review of Unit Commitment,” 28 Mayo 2013.
(3) C. E. Piemonti Arandia, “Programación diaria de un conjunto de generación de electricidad bajo condiciones de mercado,” Sartenejas, 2005.
(4) G. Morales- España, J. M. Latorre y A. Ramos, “Tight and Compact MILP Formulation of Start-Up and Shut-Down Ramping in Unit Commitment.,” de IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, Vancouver, 2013.
(5) Y. A. Tobón Rios y A. M. Uribe Arteaga, “Universidad Tecnológica de Pererira,” 2007. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://repositorio.utp.edu.co/dspace/handle/11059/730.
(6) C. Cardozo, “Unit Commitment with uncertainties - State of the art,” de Journées JCGE’2014 -SEEDS, Saint Louis, Francia, 2014.
(7) E. Ibanez, G. Brinkman, M. Hummon y D. Lew, “A Solar Reserve Methodology for Renewable Energy Integration Studies Based on Sub-Hourly Variability Analysis.,” de 2nd Annual International Workshop on integration of Solar Power into Power Systems Conference, Lisboa, Portugal, 2012.
(8) H. Quan, D. Srinivasan, A. Khambadkone M. y A. Khosravi, “A computational framework for uncertainty integration in stochastic unit commitment with intermittent renewable energy sources.” Applied energy, pp. 71-82.
(9) C. Tian-qiong y L. Geng-yin, “A Short-term Joint Optimal Dispatching Method of Wind Farms, Photovoltaic Generations, Hydropower Stations and Gas Power Plants.,” de International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON), Chengdu, China, 2014.
(10) A. Hamann y G. Hug, “Integrating Variable Wind Power Using a Hydropower Cascade,” de 5th International Workshop on Hydro Scheduling in Competitive Electricity Markets, Trondheim, Noruega, 2016.
(11) Banco Mundial, “Promedio detallado de precipitaciones,” [En línea]. Disponible en: http://datos.bancomundial.org/indicador/AG.LND.PRCP.MM?view=map.
(12) AIMMS, Licencia Académica. Disponible en: https://aimms.com/english/developers/downloads/download- aimms/
(13) Centro Nacional de Despacho, ETESA, “Informe de predespacho diario,” Panamá.
(14) Centro Nacional de Despacho, “Metodologías de Detalle,” [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.cnd.com.pa/documentos.php?sec=1. [Último acceso: Mayo 2015].
(15) Centro Nacional de Despacho, ETESA, “Informe de Planeamiento Operativo del Sistema Interconectado Nacional,” Panamá.
(16) S. S. Reddya, B. Panigrahia, R. M. R. Kundub y S. Debchoudhuryb, “Energy and spinning reserve scheduling for a wind-thermal power system using CMA-ES with mean learning technique,” Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2013.
(17) M. Milligan, P. Donohoo, D. Lew y E. Ela, “Operating Reserves and Wind Power Integration: An International Comparison,” Québec, 2010.
(18) E. Ela, M. Milligan y B. Kirby, “Operating Reserves and Variable Generation,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 2011.
(19) J. King, B. Kirby, M. Milligan y S. Beuning, “Operating Reserve Reductions from a Proposed Energy Imbalance Market With Wind and Solar Generation in the Western Interconnection.,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 2012.
(20) K. Van den Bergh, K. Bruninx, E. Delarue y W. D'haeseleer, “A Mixed-Integer Linear Formulation of the Unit Commitment Problem,” University of Leuven (KU Leuven) - Energy Institute, 2013.
(21) Centro Nacional de Despacho, “Reglamento de Operación”.
(22) Comisión Europea, “Directiva 2009/28/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 23 de abril de 2009.”. Disponible en: https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=DOUE-L-2009- 81013
(23) S. Quoilin, I. Hidalgo Gonzalez, A. Zucker y C. Thiel, “Disponible en technical flexibility for balancing variable renewable energy sources: case study in Belgium.”.
(24) Centro Nacional de Despacho, “Informe de posdespachos diarios”.
(25) Empresa de Transmisión Eléctrica S.A, “Optimización de los recursos hidráulicos ríos Caldera y Chiriquí.,” Panamá.
(26) Autoridad de los Servicios Públicos, “Licencias definitivas para generación – 2015. ASEP.,” [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.asep.gob.pa/electric/Anexos/resumen_eolico_term ico.pdf.
(27) PVsyst, “Software de simulación de parques fotovoltaicos. Versión de prueba.”.
(28) Empresa de Transmisión Eléctrica, S.A., “Resolución de adjudicación LPI ETESA 01-15.”.
(29) “The STAG Combined-Cycle Power Plant. Jersey Central Power and Light Company.,” [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.me.psu.ac.th/Power_Plant_Engineering/P8i.htm.
(30) J. Olav Giæver Tande y M. Korpas, “Impact of Offshore Wind Power on System Adequacy in a Regional Hydro-based Power System with Weak Interconnections,” de Deep Sea Offshore Wind R&D Conference, 2012.
(31) Empresa de Tranmisión Eléctrica, “Resolución de adjudicación LPI ETESA 02-15.”.
(32) Centro Nacional de Despacho, “Reglas Comerciales”. Disponible en: http://www.cnd.com.pa/documentos/reglas_comerciales_actua lizadas_a_octubre_2016.pdf
(33) ETESA, “Informe de Contrataciones 2015-2035.” Disponible en :http://www.etesa.com.pa/compras_documentos_ver.php?id=8&gen=1.
(34) Centro Nacional de Despacho, “Datos de despacho semanal histórico.”.
(35) Energy Information Administration, “Precios del Crudo de Petróleo (WTI)”.