Segmentación de clientes residenciales con fines de autoabastecimiento fotovoltaico mediante índices de rentabilidad en Ecuador
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ISSN: 1680-8894
E-ISSN: 2219-6714
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Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
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Publicado: Nov 9, 2022
Resumen
El uso de fuentes convencionales en la producción de la energía eléctrica está provocando impactos ambientales que serán significativos en un futuro muy cercano debido a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Por ello, los gobiernos y entes regulatorios de los países están dispuestos a realizar la transición energética y optar por tecnologías renovables, las cuales minimicen las emisiones de estos gases. En los próximos años en Ecuador se proyecta la instalación de sistemas de generación distribuida para el autoabastecimiento sincronizado con la red de distribución bajo el marco normativo ecuatoriano. Este manuscrito tiene como objetivo segmentar a los consumidores regulados del sector residencial para distinguir posibles candidatos seguros a realizar inversiones en sistemas de generación distribuida. Para ello, se asume un modelo de análisis de rentabilidad que calcula los índices Tasa Interna de Retorno y Relación Beneficio Costo teniendo en cuenta; 1) las categorías de consumo de energía del usuario, 2) el costo regulado de la energía, 3) la producción proyectada y 4) incentivos fiscales, para 6 escenarios en el corto y mediano plazo. Los resultados obtenidos del modelo muestran que los usuarios con categorías de consumo elevados son los que muestran mejores índices de rentabilidad y, los usuarios con categorías de consumos bajos, índices no favorables. Permitiendo de esta manera segmentar el mercado y brindar alternativas a nivel de política pública para asegurar las inversiones en estos sistemas.
Palabras clave
Autoabastecimiento, energía renovable, energía solar, generación distribuida, segmentación de clientes, sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red, rentabilidad económicaDescargas
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Cómo citar
Muñoz, J., Cárdenas, M., & Heredia, J. (2022). Segmentación de clientes residenciales con fines de autoabastecimiento fotovoltaico mediante índices de rentabilidad en Ecuador. I+D Tecnológico, 18(2), 32-43. https://doi.org/10.33412/idt.v18.2.3646
Citas
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(30) V. Bertsch, J. Geldermann, and T. Lühn, “What drives the profitability of household PV investments, self-consumption and self-sufficiency?,” Appl. Energy, vol. 204, pp. 1–15, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.06.055.
(31) E. Al. Ismail and S. M. Hashim, “An Economic Evaluation of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System for a Residential House in Khartoum,” 2018 Int. Conf. Comput. Control. Electr. Electron. Eng. ICCCEEE 2018, pp. 1–6, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ICCCEEE.2018.8515807.
(32) D. H. Romero, D. Icaza, and J. Gonzalez, “Technical - Economic Study for the Implementation of Solar Energy in the Presence of Biomass and Micro Hydraulic Generation, for Sectors that do not Have Electricity Supply in the Province of Bolívar-Ecuador,” 7th Int. Conf. Smart Grid, icSmartGrid 2019, pp. 149–154, 2019, doi: 10.1109/icSmartGrid48354.2019.8990865.
(33) D. L. Talavera, E. Muñoz-Cerón, J. P. Ferrer-Rodríguez, and P. J. Pérez-Higueras, “Assessment of cost-competitiveness and profitability of fixed and tracking photovoltaic systems: The case of five specific sites,” Renew. Energy, vol. 134, pp. 902–913, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.11.091.
(34) M. De Almansa, F. A. Campos, S. Doménech, and J. Villar, “Residential der cooperative investments,” Int. Conf. Eur. Energy Mark. EEM, vol. 2019-Septe, 2019, doi: 10.1109/EEM.2019.8916424